Different Flavors of Planets — Grok via Astrobiology.com For life to develop on a planet, certain chemical elements are needed in sufficient quantities. Phosphorus and nitrogen are essential. Phosphorus is

Graphical abstract — Frontiers Harnessing tardigrade-inspired radioprotective strategies to revolutionize defense against ionizing radiation in medicine and space exploration. Ionizing radiation inflicts lethal double-strand DNA breaks and oxidative stress that

Contribution of springs to the lake. (A) Venn diagram of genera found in the Corral Springs biofilm, salt crust, Springs 1 and 2 (S1, S2 combined), Roberts Ranch/Wyman Creek (RS),

TESS 2-min cadence photometry of TOI-237 obtained with the TESS automatic aperture. Each of the panels shows the Sectors 2, 29, and 69, respectively. TOI-237 b is highlighted in blue,

The calculation flow in our model. We model the dynamics of gas and dust containing volatile ices and semi-volatile salts to calculate the C, O, N, and S abundances in

Analyzing a precious bit of space dust no bigger than a teaspoon, the Penn State team used custom instruments capable of measuring isotopes, slight variations in the mass of atoms.

The experimental pipeline, from design to characterization, of peptides comprising the Xeno 1 and Xeno 2 amino acid alphabets. Design begins with a library of commercially available amino acids. The

Known potentially-rocky exoplanets within 20 pc. The vast majority of the closest planets are non-transiting and their atmospheres cannot be characterized with currently-available techniques. Data from the NASA Exoplanet Archive,