The formation mechanism of the lower haze. Cosmic dust entering from space is incorporated into sulfuric acid clouds. As sulfuric acid evaporates at the cloud base, the dust particles remain

Graphical abstract The PAH-water (PAH = polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon) interactions occur in interstellar ice grains and in atmospheres of planets and can serve as models for the interaction between water

Summary: Orpheus is a Mars hopper mission concept to explore volcanic fissures and pit/cave vents in Cerberus Fossae that experienced recent eruptions and may still be active, to search for

An artist’s concept illustrates a dusty planet-forming disk — NASA Meteorites are classified as either non-carbonaceous- (NC) or carbonaceous (CC), representing bodies that likely formed in the inner- or outer

Details of the interior models of Uranus and Neptune. Top: Illustration of the three-layer internal structure model assumed. Both the envelope and mantle contain hydrogen, helium, ices, and rocks, with

Number of light curves for stars in LOPS2 classified per TESS sector. The entire bin height indicates all light curves for a given sector, where those with a dominant instrumental

Best-fit white light (5.06–10.55 µm) curves of HD 3167 b’s secondary eclipse from our SPARTA (blue), Eureka! (red), and exoTEDRF (green) reductions. (Top) Binned raw white light fluxes. The best-fit