A Systematic Study On The Properties Of Aromatic And Aliphatic Hydrocarbon Dust In Active Galactic Nuclei With AKARI Near-infrared Spectroscopy

Recent near- and mid-infrared (IR) observations reveal the existence of appreciable amounts of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbon dust in the harsh environments of active galactic nuclei (AGNs), the origins of which are still under discussion.

In this paper, we analyze the near-IR spectra of AGNs obtained with AKARI to systematically study the properties of the aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbon dust a ected by the AGN activity. We perform the spectral fitting and the spectral energy distribution fitting for our sample of 102 AGNs to obtain the fluxes of the aromatic and aliphatic spectral features, the total IR luminosity (L_IR), and the fractional luminosity of AGN components (L_AGN/L_IR).

As a result, we find that L_aromatic/L_IR is systematically lower for the AGN sample, especially much lower for AGNs with the aliphatic feature seen in the absorption, than for star-forming galaxies (SFGs), while L_aliphatic/L_aromatic is systematically higher for the AGN sample than for the SFG sample, increasing with the AGN activity indicated by L_AGN/L_IR.

In addition, the profiles of the aliphatic emission features of the AGN sample are significantly di erent from those of the SFG sample in that the AGNs have the feature intensities systematically stronger at longer wavelengths. We conclude that both aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbon dust are likely of circumnuclear origins, suggesting that a significant amount of the aliphatic hydrocarbon dust may come from a new population created through processes such as shattering of large carbonaceous grains by AGN outflows.

Risako Katayama, Hidehiro Kaneda, Takuma Kokusho, Tsubasa Kondo, Shinki Oyabu, Toyoaki Suzuki, Takuro Tsuchikawa

Comments: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Subjects: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
Cite as: arXiv:2510.03716 [astro-ph.GA] (or arXiv:2510.03716v1 [astro-ph.GA] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2510.03716
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Submission history
From: Risako Katayama
[v1] Sat, 4 Oct 2025 07:39:37 UTC (2,256 KB)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.03716

Astrobiology, Astrochemistry,