Graphical Abstract — Nature Reviews Chemistry via PubMed Astrochemistry is a well-established multidisciplinary field devoted to the study of atoms and molecules in space. Although many astrochemists study molecules in

A schematic of four observing programs (science cases) proposed in this HWO science case to discover and characterize life beyond Earth. — astro-ph.EP Our Earth, being the only living planet

Distribution of 339 planets in the stellar effective flux (𝑆eff) versus stellar temperature (𝑇eff) space. Red solid circles indicate the 17 planets orbiting within the EHZ, while gray points depict

Water-equivalent content by weight in the Solar System and model predictions. Left upper panel: Midplane temperature of the disk using T1au = 145, 180, 200 and 300 K (from light

Planetary reflectivity (top; total flux) and polarization (bottom; polarized flux) as a function of scattering angle (or phase angle) and wavelength (colors). Glories, rainbows, Rayleigh scattering, and ocean glint generate

Combined white light image of 3I/ATLAS, created by median stacking white light images produced by collapsing in wavelength individual data cubes. The field of view displayed is 40″ × 40″.

Citric Acid Cycle – Wikipedia The molecular framework for protometabolism-chemical reactions in a prebiotic environment preceding modern metabolism-has remained unknown in evolutionary biology. Mono-, di-, and tricarboxylic acids that comprise