The size of GJ 251 and the orbits of GJ 251 b and c. Stellar size and orbital distances are to scale. In light green we show the optimistic HZ,

Artist’s depiction of a coronal mass ejection from EK Draconis. The hotter and faster ejection is shown in blue, while the cooler and slower ejection is shown in red. Credit

Energy level diagram of the C + NH3 + CO reaction. The reaction proceeds from left to right. It starts with a triplet state; the intersystem crossings to the singlet

For the second stage of our analysis pipeline, outputs were further evaluated using a livability index L (scaled between 0 and 1). Among the 51 Mars-positive samples, the mean livability

The magnetopause standoff distance of a planet orbiting our stellar sample. The theoretical decay of the Parker model (blue) and that measured in the solar system (red) are used in

Summary of different extracellular electron transfer (EET) pathways. While it is common to classify EET based on the nature and function of the mediators, here the emphasis is on the

Astronaut Loral O’Hara using the Kibo laboratory module’s Life Science Glovebox — NASA Biofilms are a community of microorganisms that can form on any surface, posing several challenges and significant