Masses and semi-major axes for known planets and simulated Gaia planets. In both cases, we have restricted the sample to planets with Porb and mp constrained to within 20% (i.e.,

The spectrum of UV light available at Earth’s surface before the origin of life at approximately 3.9 Ga and until at least 2.9 Ga (curves black and red, respectively). This

An integrated model for mineral-guided surface enrichment support for protocell emergence. (I) Mineral-guided surface molecular enrichment (MSE). In prebiotic environments such as hydrothermal vents or land ponds, essential biomolecules including

Integrated intensity maps of the detected transitions. A continuum image highlighting the rings and gaps is displayed at the bottom right. The synthesised beam is indicated at the bottom left

An example of a system from the 20flat suite that experienced a post-disk instability. Left: evolution of the orbital elements and masses over time. Disk dissipation is marked by a

Diagram of the ocean world and characteristics unique to Europa and Enceladus. — ACS Omega via PubMed The prebiotic potential of ocean worlds such as Europa and Enceladus, while not