Lava-covered proto-Earth – Grok via Astrobiology.com Scientists at MIT and elsewhere have discovered extremely rare remnants of “proto Earth,” which formed about 4.5 billion years ago, before a colossal collision

Enhanced view of Enceladus’ South pole region showing the locations of organic-rich geysers in blue Saturn’s moon Enceladus is an exciting destination for future exploration missions due to

Latitude-longitude maps of surface temperature overlaid with the wind field at the bottom layer, and surface precipitation. The black contours indicate where the surface temperature is 50◦ Celsius.

Snapshots of VGS-calculated surface water mass (in units of Earth’s ocean mass) for TRAPPIST-1 analogs, shown as a function of total planet mass (M⊕) and final orbital distance (AU). Panel

Assembly of ribonucleoprotein condensates in response to Mars-like stress conditions. Credit Dhage et al. — Indian Institute of Science (IISc) Any life on Mars in the past, present, or future

Image of the “Peachflya” abrasion spot, from Perseverance’s WATSON Camera on sol 1620. NASA/JPL-Caltech larger image Perseverance accomplished something unusual this week: abrading two dramatically different rocks within the span

Figure adapted from M. MacLeod et al. (2025) and compiled using PWMorphology. Colored circles represent confirmed exoplanets with radii greater than 1.6R⊕ from the sunset catalog shown as a function

ALMA 1.5 mm continuum emission towards the G351.77−0.54 star-forming region. Crosses mark the positions of the mm continuum sources identified by H. Beuther et al. (2019). The synthesized beam of