Astrobiology

Scientists believe giant impacts — like the one depicted in this artist’s concept — occurred on Mars 4.5 billion years ago, injecting debris from the impact deep into the planet’s

Left: Assumed temperature/pressure structure of the Venus atmosphere. Centre: The concentrations of condensed units ncond/n that deposit and are removed from the model when advancing to the next atmospheric height.

Image of the alvinellid worm, Paralvinella hessleri. A P. hessleri colonized hydrothermal vent in Iheya north hydrothermal field. The vent fauna showed apparent variation along the environmental gradients. The areas

An image of the star-forming region NGC 6357 with the young star XUE 10. Photo credit: Stockholm University (SU) and María Claudia Ramírez-Tannus, Max Planck Institute for Astronomy (MPIA). A

Comet impact on early Earth – Grok via Astrobiology.com After the formation of the Solar System, it took a maximum of three million years for the chemical composition of the

Scheme of MISO bacteria on an iron(III) oxide mineral particle. Credit Alexander Loy An international team of scientists led by microbiologists Marc Mussmann and Alexander Loy from the University of

Abundances of O3 for both high CH4 models from this study and high N2O models from Kozakis et al. (2025) normalized to the amount of O3 with modern amounts of

CN production versus heliocentric distance: Blue circles show VLT/X-shooter measurements of 3I/ATLAS (this work); the black solid and gray dashed curves are power–law fits to the 3I data only, giving

A.1: WISPIT 1b, 1c, and background sources highlighted in the H-band median-combined image of epoch 2022-11-19. WISPIT 1b, 1c, and background sources highlighted in the Ks-band median-combined image