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Transformations between the ORF (blue), SRF (orange), and BRF (green), with Euler angles. The SRF and the BRF are both rotating frames, with ZS the spin axis of Venus and

State of the Cryosphere Report 2024 In the State of the Cryosphere 2024 – Lost Ice, Global Damage report, over 50 leading cryosphere scientists warn of vastly higher impacts and

Disk reflectance spectra at different stellocentric distances. a, The disk reflectance spectra at 80- 90 au (region 1, yellow), 90-105 au (region 2, orange), and 105-120 au (region 3, cyan),

Frozen Water in Young Star System HD 181327 — NASA Is frozen water scattered in systems around other stars? Astronomers have long expected it is, partially based on previous detections

Disk-averaged JWST spectra of Titan. Top, NIRSpec. Bottom, MIRI (channels 1B–3C). The main absorption and emission bands (the latter labelled with an asterisk) are shown, as well as spectral transmission

Disk-averaged JWST spectra of Titan. Top, NIRSpec. Bottom, MIRI (channels 1B–3C). The main absorption and emission bands (the latter labelled with an asterisk) are shown, as well as spectral transmission

These infrared-light images of Titan were taken by the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope on 11 July 2023. They show methane clouds appearing at different altitudes in Titan’s northern hemisphere.

These infrared-light images of Titan were taken by the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope on 11 July 2023. They show methane clouds appearing at different altitudes in Titan’s northern hemisphere.

NASA’s twin Voyager spacecraft, launched in 1977, are now traveling through interstellar space at around 35,000 mph (56,000 kph). This artist’s concept depicts one of the probes speeding away. Credit:

NASA’s twin Voyager spacecraft, launched in 1977, are now traveling through interstellar space at around 35,000 mph (56,000 kph). This artist’s concept depicts one of the probes speeding away. Credit: